Carbon neutral, net zero, and carbon positive are three terms that are often used interchangeably but have subtle differences in their meanings.
Carbon neutrality generally means that the amount of carbon dioxide emissions produced by an entity, such as a company or an individual, is balanced by an equivalent amount of carbon dioxide removal or reduction through various means, such as investing in renewable energy, using carbon offsets, or planting trees. Carbon neutral is often considered a baseline for climate action, meaning that it is the minimum goal that companies or individuals should strive for to reduce their carbon footprint.
Net zero usually means that the amount of carbon dioxide emissions produced by an entity is completely offset or balanced by measures that remove or reduce carbon emissions. However, net zero goes beyond carbon neutrality by taking into account all greenhouse gas emissions, not just carbon dioxide.
Achieving net-zero requires a combination of reducing emissions, using clean energy sources, and removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through nature-based solutions like reforestation and soil carbon sequestration.
Carbon positive means that an entity is actively removing more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere than it emits, resulting in a net reduction of carbon in the atmosphere. This is often achieved by investing in nature-based solutions like reforestation, regenerative agriculture, or soil carbon sequestration, which have the potential to remove more carbon than they emit. Carbon positive is considered a more ambitious goal than net zero, as it not only aims to eliminate carbon emissions but also to reverse the damage caused by previous emissions.
In summary, there are subtle differences, but the main thing is to clearly state which emission sources are in, and which are out. The devil is in the detail not the headline!
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